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- $Unique_ID{BRK03536}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Bowen's Disease}
- $Subject{Bowen's Disease Intraepidermal Squamous cell Carcinoma Precancerous
- Dermatosis Psoriasis Paget's Disease of the Breast Malignant Melanoma}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 608:
- Bowen's Disease
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Bowen's Disease) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Intraepidermal Squamous cell Carcinoma
- Precancerous Dermatosis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Psoriasis
- Paget's Disease of the Breast
- Malignant Melanoma
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Bowen's Disease is characterized by a precancerous, slow growing skin
- malignancy. The major symptom is a red-brown, scaly or crusted patch on the
- skin which resembles psoriasis or dermatitis. It may occur on any part of
- the skin or in the mucous membranes.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The first sign of Bowen's Disease is a plaque located on or within the skin
- (intraepidermal). It is a scaly area which may be recognized as squamous
- cell carcinoma in the initial stage of development. Pinkish or brownish
- raised areas of skin (papules) appear. They are usually irregular in shape
- and covered with a light crusty covering which, when removed, shows an oozing
- red surface. Bowen's Disease may be confused with common skin disorders as
- psoriasis or other similar types of dermatitis. It is slow growing and
- responds well to immediate treatment, but if left untreated Bowen's Disease
- can result in skin cancer and eventually spread to other parts of the body.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Bowen's Disease is not known. Like many forms of skin
- cancer, chronic sun exposure may cause it to develop. Ingestion of arsenic
- can be associated with the occurrence of the disease in skin ares unexposed
- to light, or in the mucous membranes. Human papillomavirus 16 DNA is found
- repeatedly in Bowen's Disease lesions, suggesting that a slow virus is also a
- possible cause. (Slow viruses may stay dormant in humans for extended periods
- of time, then for reasons yet unknown, may unexplainably become reactivated.
- The role of heredity which may make a person susceptible to slow viruses is
- not well understood). In other cases, no cause can be determined.
-
- Affected Population
- Bowen's Disease affects both males and females. However, when found in the
- genital area, women are affected three times as often as men. The disease
- may occur at any age but is very rare in children.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Bowen's
- Disease. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Psoriasis is a common chronic and recurrent skin disorder characterized
- by dry, well-circumscribed silvery gray scaling spots or plaques which
- usually appear on the scalp, elbows, or knees. Symptoms may begin gradually.
- Psoriasis characteristically involves the scalp, extremities, the back and
- buttocks with sharply outlined lesions consisting of red spots or plaques
- covered with scales that usually do not itch. These lesions may heal without
- scarring and hair growth near the plaques is not affected. In severe cases,
- Psoriasis lesions may appear in pustular form. General health usually is not
- affected, unless severe arthritis (psoriatic arthritis) or untreatable
- scaling develops. However, stress may be caused by the stigma of an
- unsightly skin disorder. (For more information on these disorders, choose
- "Psoriasis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Paget's Disease of the Breast (which is not related to Paget's Disease of
- bone) is characterized by cancer of the nipples of the breast. It can occur
- in both men and women. The major symptoms include an oozy, crusty skin
- inflammation (dermatitis) of the nipple which is nearly always associated
- with glandular (adenocarcinoma) cancer of the breast. A form of Paget's
- Disease of the Breast also affects the genital area, primarily in women.
- This condition responds well to treatment when it occurs on the surface of
- the skin. In cases associated with carcinoma of the rectum, treatment may be
- more difficult.
-
- Malignant Melanoma is a common form of skin cancer. It is marked by
- tumors of the pigmentation cells (melanocyte) of the skin. These tumors may
- appear in different sizes, shapes, and shades of color, and may spread to
- adjacent parts of the body. Tumors may also spread through the blood and
- lymph circulation to other organs. Early treatment of malignant Melanoma is
- essential in order to cure the disease.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Bowen's Disease usually involves surgical removal of the
- malignancy. Carbon dioxide lasers are the most effective method of removing
- surface skin lesions. Other types of growths require different types of
- surgery. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through April
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on this disorder, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- The Skin Cancer Foundation
- 475 Park Avenue, South
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 725-5176
-
- American Cancer Society
- 1599 Clifton Rd., NE
- Atlanta, GA 30329
- (404) 320-3333
-
- NIH/National Cancer Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 31, Rm. 1A2A
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- 1-800-4-CANCER
-
- The National Cancer Institute has developed PDQ (Physician Data Query), a
- computerized database designed to give the public, cancer patients and
- families, and health professionals quick and easy access to many types of
- information vital to patients with this and many other types of cancer. To
- gain access to this service, call:
-
- Cancer Information Service (CIS)
- 1-800-4-CANCER
- In Washington, DC and suburbs in Maryland and Virginia, 636-5700
- In Alaska, 1-800-638-6070
- In Oahu, Hawaii, (808) 524-1234 (Neighbor islands call collect)
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
- Information Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- References
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
- Co., 1987. Pp. 1114, 1373, 1389.
-
- BOWEN'S DISEASE OF THE FEET. PRESENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 16 DNA IN
- TUMOR TISSUE. M.S. Stone, et al.; Arch Dermatol (November, 1987, issue 123
- (11)). Pp. 1517-1520.
-
- BOWEN'S DISEASE AND INTERNAL MALIGNANT DISEASES. A STUDY OF 581
- PATIENTS. F. Reymann, et al.; Arch Dermatol (May, 1988, issue 124 (5)). Pp.
- 677-679.
-
- BOWENOID PAPULOSIS IN A THREE-YEAR-OLD GIRL. C. Halsz, et al.; J Am Acad
- Dermatol (February, 1986, issue 14 (2 Pt 2)). Pp. 326-330.
-
-